Projectile.



A. o'mw. PROJECTiLE,

PPLlCATION FILED DEC. lil. 1914l hlg@ Patented; A111220, 1915. f

INVENTOR WITNESSES ALEXANDER OBWELF'PHILDELPH, PENSYLVANI.

rnoancarnn.

medico.

Specification of Let-ters Patent.

' Patented Apr. so, isis.

Application filed December 18,!914. I Serial No; 877,851.

To all 'woz it may concern:

Be it krown that I, ALEXANDER OIRAWE, a subject o`f the King of Great Britain, and a resident of the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulv Improvements in Projectiles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

A principal object of my invention 1s to provide a projectile comprising means to eject a liquid beneath the surface of the 0bject at which it is discharged, and which, therefore, may be employed to narcotize o r stupefy .human beings or animals when utilized with la suitable narcotic agent, or to liberate a fluid capable of giving off a narcotizing or stupefyin gas within the interior of a ship or other o ject penetrated which will serve to render human beings or animals in the vicinity thereof temporarily uncon- 'scious Further objects of my invention are to' provide a projectile having the foregoing characteristics which may .either be discharged from a gun or the like in the ordinary manner by a suitable explosive, orby a compressed gas, or Which/may be hurled for short distances from a suitable sling or other projecting instrument or even by hand, and which shall be so arranged as to be capable of retaining the contained fluid for such periods of time as may be desired before useand to discharge the same after contact Vwith the object at which it is projecte'd without rupturing orfracturing the Still further objects of my invention are to provide a projectile having the aforementioned characteristics which shall be simple in construction and devoid ofintricate parts, and which may be readily' filled with any desired liquid or emptied thereof Without the employment of special tools or devices.

My invention further includes all of the other various novel objects and features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more 'definitely specified.

` -Tn the accompanying drawing, Figure l is j a central longitudinal section through a projectile' constructed in accordance with one form er' my invention, certain parts being shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation partially in fragmentary central section of theformof projectile shown iii Fig. 1, the projectile having been turned lthrough an arc .of 90D from its position as shown in Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is'a perspective View of a detail of the device` In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, are shown slightly modified forms of my invention, the said figures respectively comprising central longitudinal sections thereof, certain fragmentary partsy being shown in elevation for the sake of clearness, and in Fig. 7 is Ashown a fragmentary s .irle elevation, partially in fragmentary central section of still another form of theu device.

Referring now more especially to that embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the same may comprise a hollow preferably cylindrical body portion l. having a; front end 2, and a preferably removable rear end 3 secured within the body Vin f any suitable manner, as by the screw threads 4, completely and permanently closing the open end of the body4 after the device is whereby its penetrative powers are enhanced.l

The neck preferably extends for a considerabley distance beyond the end 2 andis provided with anaxial, preferably cylindrical interior passage 9, -suitable for the reception of the hollow piston rod 10 to that end of which adjacent the body is ixedly connected the piston 12 which forms a close workingl fit within the body and may, if desired, be supplied with suitable packing '(not shown) in order to prevent leakage between it and the sides of the body in the well known manner. The piston rod 10 is hollow and' of such length that when the piston 12'is positioned in the body l adjacent the end 2, as

tion shown in the ligure, will reach-near y to the outer end of the passage 9 which preferabl terminates adjacent the pointI 7 of the nec in which position the end ofthe'piston rod will contact with the surface of a disk of rubber or other suitable resilient material 15, located in the end of the passage and forming a tight closure against'the end of the ro Adjacent lthe end of the passage 9 and extending outwardly from the passage through I i through the wall of lower ends of the wings the wall of` the neck, are a plurality of small openings 17 affording communication the neck with the inthe sum of the areas of said openings being preferably somewhat greater than the area of the tubular passage 18 within the piston rod.

Surrounding the interior of the neck and slidable thereon, is a suitable annular collar 2O provided with a plurality of preferably diametrically opposed, vertically extending slots 21 opening toward the upper face of the collar and preferably terminating at their inner extremities a short distance from the central opening 22, so that while the exterior surface as well as the upper face of the collar will be interrupted by the slots, the surface of the central opening as well of the under side will be continuous. Disposed on either side of each of the slots and preferably extending above the upper face of the collar are the small ears 28 having suitably disposed apertures for the reception of the pivot pins 24 passing transversely through the ears and serving to piv- 4otally secure a wing 25 within each slot, the being provided with suitable apertures for the reception ofthe pins. While the wings may be` of any desired construction, they may preferably be formed substantially as shown in the drawings and comprise a substantially rectangular bar, the upper end of which is beveled or curved outwardly from the axial line of the projectile as best shown in Fig. 1, thereby providing an outwardly flaring surface 27 adjacent the end of the wing for a purpose to be hereinafter described,and the lower ends being rounded to facilitate their rotation in slots 21 about pivot pins 24.

In Fig. 1 a form of projectile is illustrated in which two wings are employed, but if desii-ed any desired number, such as four or six, may be utilized, preferably arranged in diametrically disposed pairs spaced equidistaiitly from each other around the collar.

rlfhe collar 20 is rigidly secured in any suitable manner to the piston rod 10 and for this purpose may bte provided with small, diametrically opposed apertures $0 for the reception of inwardly extending pins 31 which, passing through suitable Ilongituditerior of the passage,

nal slots 3l in the wall of the neck, are preferably frictionally retained in suitable openings 35 in the piston rod. lfdesired, |however, the ends of the pins may be secured in the piston rod in or the pins may and other suitable means emp -curing the collar to the rod. The slots are of .a length slightly greater than the extreme length of travel of the piston 12 withinl the body, and are so disposedwith relation to the neck that when the piston is adjacent the end 2, the collar will be adjacent the any other si table manner l b'e entirely dispensed with loyed for se-i projectile from a gun or cannon,

-and when the collar -the outer ends of the slots, is retracted adjacent the rear end of slots the piston will jacent the end 3 of the body. 'For the pupose of normally maintaining the collar atA the outer extremity of its path of vmovement suitable means'are provided, as, for instance, a coiled spring 3G disposed between the end assume a position adof the projectile and the under surface of the s collar and surrounding the neck, and serving to force the collar, carrying with it the piston rod and piston, to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1.

In the drawings, the projectile is shown as mounted inthe end of a vcartridge case 4() of usual construction and designed to contain a suitable explosive for discharging the in the usual manner, but if desired, other means, such as compressed air or the like, or even manually operated means, Imay be employed for the purpose of yprojecting the device against the target, and the cartridge case dispensed with.

ln the operation of the device, the body 1 is first filled with the desired liquid by-manually or otherwise retracting the collar 20 from its outermost position to adjacent the end 2 of the body which will cause the piston 12 to traverse the body and expel the contained air therefrom through the hollow piston ,rod and the openings 17. The end of the neck is then inserted in a vessel containing the liquid sufficiently far to cover the openings 17 and the collar released, when the pressure of the spring 36 will cause the collar to traverse the neck to its outermost position and the piston to simultaneously traverse the body, whereby the liquid will be drawn up into the body bey hind the piston by the vacuum formed by the movement thereof so that the body will be filled 'or nearly filled with the fluid. The projectile is now in condition to be discharged and may be projected in any desircdmanner toward the target with the surface of which the point 7 will first contact. As the target is penetrated the,con-| tinuing forward movement of the projectile will bring the surfaces 27 of wings 25 into contact with the surface of the target if the winffs have remained substantially parallel to the. axis of the neck and will open the wings outwardly substantially parallel to the surface of the collar. Or if the wings have already during the flight of the projecljile, iassumed an outwardlyopened position! thi'ough the resistance of the air, or -fthfcr causes, as soon as the neck has peneiluted sufficiently far to bring the surface of the expanded wings and adjacent surface of wings to substantiallythe position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, thereby forcing Athe piston 12 toward the rear end of the l -body and ejecting the fluid contents through the boilerpiston rod and openings 17 into the material of which th! target is composed and beneath the surface thereof, or should the Wall of the target be thinner than the length of the neck, then into the space, such as the interior of a ship, bein hind the Wall. it is not intended that the Wings and collar shall penetrate the target i'orf'any considerable distance but rather that they shall remain in contact With the surface thereof, and it is, therefore, ad-

35 visable to make the eective area of thesame as great as possible in order to provide an 4extended contacting surface, the larger Y surface a'ording a greater resistance to penetration. lt may be preferable in pracf 29 tice to form the hinged joints between the collar and the wings in such manner that a sucient amountoi' friction will be afforded to resist the opening movement of the Wings before actual Contact Ywith the target 2'5 in order to prevent the same from opening 'outwardly While in the barrel of the can- 'non or einrinfy the iight of the projectile through the air, but it is thought that such provision may be unnecessary as it is not 30 beiieved that any detrimental results will be A effectedshould the'wingspartially open during the Hight of the projectile through I .j the resistance of the air or even in the gun barrei.

,ln F ig. d is shown a slightly modified form of the device in which the wings are entireiy omitted and the coilar 20 enlarged in area so that its diameter shall be almost equal to that of the body of the projectile. The collar is secured to the piston in a manner similar'to that already described by the pins 31 extending through the collar and I slot 34 and into the piston rod. When the projectile is'constructed as shown in this '45 ligure, the impact of the outer face of the collar against the surface or the target is sulicient to retract the' piston and discharge the vli Vuid as hereinbefore described.v

In ig 5 is shown another slightly modilied form of the device in which the collar 50 is not secured. directly to the piston 10d ld, but is provided With two or more eX- terior piston rods 52 extending from the under side of the collar through suitable 55 apertures 53 in the end of the projectile and 'into the piston 12 Within the body 1. The piston rods may be secured Within the collar and the piston in any desired man# ner' and in the drawing are shown as provided with suitable. right and left hand threadsadjacent each end which engage suitable similarly threaded aperturesin the coilar and in the piston. in this form of the invention, 'Wings 25 preferably secured to the collar as hereinbefore described 'may be provided, the spring 36 serving to maintain the collar in outwardly eatendingv position in a manner previously referred to, but the slots in the neck being omitted.

In Fig. A6 is shown still .another form of the device similar to Fig. 5, except that the wings are omitted and a collar 60 of extend- .ed `area provided as previously described in connection With Fig. 4, the same being connected to the piston by piston rods 52 pass- "5 ing through the apertures 53 in the end of the body as hereinbefore described in connection with Fig. 5. If desired, in both of these forms of the invention suitable provision may be made for packingto surround 8O the piston rods 52 Where the same pass through the wall of the body in order to secure a tight joint at this point, although it is believed that in practice if the piston 12 be roperl fitted no packing will be needed. 25

n Fig. is shown a still further modilied form of the device in which both the Aspring and the Wings 25 are omitted, a collar 65 of extended area and of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the body 1 being 90 rovided and connected to the piston either y means of .piston rods 52 as described in connection with Figs. 5 and 6 or by a pin and slot arrangement, as referred to in connection with Figs. 1 toll: inclusive. The collar 95 is provided "with a plurality of apertures 67 extending radially outward from the central opening of the collar, but preferably not-entirely through the body thereof, in each of which is located a ball 68 and a suitable com' 100 pression spring 69 serving to force the ball toward the center of the collar and into a suitable notch 70 upon the exterior of the neck when the'collar is in position upon the projectile as shown in Fig. 7 The engage- 105 ment of the balls within the notches serves to maintain the collar in normal position until its contact with the tar et when the impact against the collar is su 'cient to move the collar toward the body, forcingthe balls out of the notches and entirely into the apertures 67 against the pressure of the springs 69 thus permitting the. collar to traverse the l' neck lin the'V manner hereinbefore described to discharge theliquid contents of the projectile. It will be evident that if desired, this form of the device'may beprovided With Wings 20 as hereinbefore described.

I do not desire to limit myself to the use of any particular fluid or liquid with my improved projectile, as various diferent sorts may be used, depending upon the result it may bc desired to accomplish as' for instance, Whether it be desired to liberate volatile liquid Within the interior of a ship or the like, after the penetration of the side thereof by the neck of the projectile, yor Whether it may be desired to narcotize' or stupefy a human being or animal at which the projectile may be fired, in which case,

longitudinal lpassage andvv a plurality of openings communicating with said passage through the Wall of said neck, :i hollow,v piston rod slidahle in said neck, a piston rigidly connected to one enrl tl erect and slidable in said body portionz means operative to normally seal the other' cnil olf .said piston rod, means comprising a collar slidable on said neck :intl operatively connected to saicl `pi ton operative to retract said piston upon the contact of said collar with the surface of an object struck by said projectile to ejectv the contents of said body through said openings, and a pluralitj)7 of outwardly opening 15 Wings adjacent Said collar operative to assume a position substantially at right angles with the axis of said projectile.

l2. A projectile containing a Huid and comprising means operative by the forward movement of said projectile as it penetrates 20 an object to discharge said fluid Within said object adjacent the forward enol of said projectile.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of December, A. D., 25

ALEXANDER ORAWE.

Witnesses GEORGE K. HELBnR'r, ALEXANDER PARK. 

